{"id":62101,"date":"2022-01-19T11:57:35","date_gmt":"2022-01-19T10:57:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/?p=62101"},"modified":"2022-01-19T11:58:19","modified_gmt":"2022-01-19T10:58:19","slug":"un-vaccino-universale-contro-linfluenza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/un-vaccino-universale-contro-linfluenza\/","title":{"rendered":"A universal flu vaccine?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"new-article__content-cms\">\n<div class=\"content first-click-free__article-content--target\">\n<div class=\"wysiwyg\" data-selector=\"article_content_desktop\">\n<div class=\"article_visible_part\">\n<p><strong>Key messages<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A class of broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies directed against a conserved epitope of the influenza virus has been identified.<\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7809 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/influenza-e1518461306806.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"305\" height=\"165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/influenza-e1518461306806.jpg 305w, https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/influenza-e1518461306806-300x162.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 305px) 100vw, 305px\" \/>The antibodies are active against H1 viruses and cross-react with H2 and H5 viruses.<\/li>\n<li>B lymphocytes that recognize the epitope in question are frequent in the pool of memory B lymphocytes of subjects exposed to the virus.<\/li>\n<li>Vaccines that stimulate these cells, with the right adjuvant, can maximize protection against influenza viruses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"new-article__content-cms\">\n<div class=\"content first-click-free__article-content--target\">\n<div class=\"wysiwyg\" data-selector=\"article_content_desktop\">\n<div class=\"article_visible_part\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.univadis.it\/viewarticle\/1329c3dd-be0f-332f-949a-962c64d959dc?uac=195487BZ&amp;ecd=mkm_ret_220119_webmd_FOCUSIT_3952809&amp;uuid=1329c3dd-be0f-332f-949a-962c64d959dc&amp;sso=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Univadis \u2013 from Medscape \u2013 01\/13\/2022<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"new-article__content-cms\">\n<div class=\"content first-click-free__article-content--target\">\n<div class=\"wysiwyg\" data-selector=\"article_content_desktop\">\n<div class=\"article_hidden_part paywall\">\n<p>Finally, some good news on the infectious disease front: In the near future, it may not be necessary to develop the flu vaccine every year. A study that saw the collaboration of groups of scientists from some of the main US research centers paves the way for the production of a potentially universal vaccine.<\/p>\n<p data-lazy=\"false\">The study, published in the journal <em>natures<\/em>, describes a class of broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies (<em>broadly neutralizing antibodies<\/em>, bnAbs) which recognizes an epitope in the region that anchors hemagglutinin (HA) to the membrane. HA is a critical target in the protection against influenza virus infections, but antibodies that recognize HA variable epitopes are only active against similar strains. Vaccines that preferentially elicit antibodies against conserved epitopes have therefore been studied for some time. The study in question fits exactly into this line of research.<\/p>\n<p>American scientists have isolated more than 350 monoclonal antibodies from memory B lymphocytes (MBC) of subjects vaccinated or naturally infected with the H1 influenza virus. Molecular analysis allowed to identify some antibodies that bound an epitope located in the stem region (stalk) of the HA, near the anchor point to the membrane (anchor). Presumably this epitope is partially covered by the lipid membrane and could only be exposed when HA glycoprotein flexes. Tested <em>in vitro<\/em> the antibodies were extensively reactive and neutralizing against H1N1 and H1N2 viruses and showed cross-reactivity <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-62105 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/virus_influenza.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"293\" \/>against H2 and H5 viruses. Additionally, the anti-anchor antibodies also neutralized viral mutants. In experiments <em>live<\/em>, anti-Anchor antibodies have been shown to be protective against lethal doses of H1 virus in mice. The researchers then went on to study how much anti-anchor antibodies were represented in the memory B lymphocyte repertoire of 20 subjects vaccinated with a vaccine targeting HA stalk. The antibodies of interest represented a substantial percentage, approximately 6%, of the entire pool. In the trial participants, the administration of an adjuvanted chimeric vaccine (cHA) was able to stimulate the production of antibodies against the anchor epitope.<\/p>\n<p>&quot;Our study highlights a broadly protective epitope of HA stalk and shows that humans have prior immunity against the anchor epitope of influenza virus and that vaccination can stimulate again the memory B lymphocytes to secrete antibodies against this epitope\u201d. In addition to choosing the right target, however, attention must be paid to the wording. \u201cThe addition of the oil-in-water AS03 adjuvant was critical for activating MBC cells against the anchor epitope. Overall, our study shows that new vaccination strategies, such as the cHA vaccine with the AS03 adjuvant, have the ability to robustly induce antibodies against the unrecognized anchor epitope and may provide broad protection against H1 viruses.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer class=\"new-article__footer sticky-tools-share-stopper\">\n<section class=\"new-article-footer__disclaimer\">\n<div class=\"gcol\">\n<div class=\"references_disclaimer ui-tabs ui-corner-all ui-widget ui-widget-content\">\n<ul class=\"tabs_constrols ui-tabs-nav ui-corner-all ui-helper-reset ui-helper-clearfix ui-widget-header\" role=\"tablist\">\n<li class=\"ui-tabs-tab ui-corner-top ui-state-default ui-tab ui-tabs-active ui-state-active\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab_reference\" aria-labelledby=\"ui-id-1\" aria-selected=\"true\" aria-expanded=\"true\"><a id=\"ui-id-1\" class=\"ui-tabs-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"presentation\" href=\"https:\/\/www.univadis.it\/viewarticle\/1329c3dd-be0f-332f-949a-962c64d959dc?uac=195487BZ&amp;ecd=mkm_ret_220119_webmd_FOCUSIT_3952809&amp;uuid=1329c3dd-be0f-332f-949a-962c64d959dc&amp;sso=true#tab_reference\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bibliography and references<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"ui-tabs-tab ui-corner-top ui-state-default ui-tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab_disclaimer\" aria-labelledby=\"ui-id-2\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><a id=\"ui-id-2\" class=\"ui-tabs-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"presentation\" href=\"https:\/\/www.univadis.it\/viewarticle\/1329c3dd-be0f-332f-949a-962c64d959dc?uac=195487BZ&amp;ecd=mkm_ret_220119_webmd_FOCUSIT_3952809&amp;uuid=1329c3dd-be0f-332f-949a-962c64d959dc&amp;sso=true#tab_disclaimer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Disclaimer<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"tab_reference\" class=\"ui-tabs-panel ui-corner-bottom ui-widget-content\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"ui-id-1\" aria-hidden=\"false\">\n<p>Guthmiller JJ, Han J, et al. Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting a hemagglutinin anchor epitope. Nature 2021 Dec 23. <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-021-04356-8\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1038\/s41586-021-04356-8<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/footer>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Related news:<\/p>\n<article data-article-id=\"2fe6148e-bee9-3e69-b843-eb93935128a4\">\n<div class=\"content\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.univadis.it\/viewarticle\/influenza-piu-vicino-il-vaccino-universale?id=2fe6148e-bee9-3e69-b843-eb93935128a4&amp;s1=news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Influenza, closer to the universal vaccine<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article data-article-id=\"8b4a0915-b013-34fd-962c-8b01c4bab470\">\n<div class=\"content\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.univadis.it\/viewarticle\/influenza-scoperto-anticorpo-chiave-per-vaccino-universale?id=8b4a0915-b013-34fd-962c-8b01c4bab470&amp;s1=news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Influenza, &#039;key&#039; antibody discovered for universal vaccine<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article data-article-id=\"03fa1ce8-c314-3df8-a045-7948821d74a7\">\n<div class=\"content\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.univadis.it\/viewarticle\/vaccino-universale-sempre-piu-vicino-protegge-da-piu-ceppi-di-influenza?id=03fa1ce8-c314-3df8-a045-7948821d74a7&amp;s1=news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Universal vaccine ever closer, protects against more flu strains<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Messaggi chiave \u00c8 stata identificata una classe di anticorpi neutralizzanti ad ampio spettro diretta contro un epitopo conservato del virus dell\u2019influenza. Gli anticorpi sono attivi contro i virus H1 e cross-reagiscono con i virus H2 e H5. I linfociti B che riconoscono l\u2019epitopo in questione sono frequenti nel pool dei linfociti B della memoria di &hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":53370,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[39],"class_list":["post-62101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-notizie","tag-vaccini"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62101"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62101\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fedaiisf.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}